Effects of copper and cadmium ions on protective enzyme activity in Oncomelania hupensis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of Cu2+ and Cd2+ at different concentrations on superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity in Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Cu2+- and Cd2+-containing solutions were prepared at 7 concentrations, and O. hupensis snails were exposed to the solutions for 24 h, of 15 snails in each concentration. Then, the snail body was collected following removal of the snail shell and homogenated, and the SOD, CAT and POS activities were detected in the supernatants. Results With the increase of the Cu2+ concentration, the SOD activity appeared a rise followed by a reduction in O. hupensis snails, and the CTA activity appeared a decline-rise-decline tendency, while the POD activity showed a tendency towards rise followed by decline. With the increase of the Cd2+ concentration, the SOD activity appeared a rise followed by a reduction in O. hupensis snails, and the CTA activity appeared a decline- rise- decline tendency, while the POD activity showed a decline-rise-decline tendency. Conclusion Exposure to Cu2+ and Cd2+ at high concentrations results in a decline in the activity of SOD, CAT and POD in O. hupensis at the same time.

Acute toxicity of four heavy metal ions to Oncomelania hupensis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To assess the acute toxicity of Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ to Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ solutions were prepared at five concentrations, and 10 snails were exposed to each concentration for 24, 48, 72 h and 96 h. Then, the inhibition of snail activity and snail death was observed, and the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) and median lethal concentrations (LC50) were estimated. Results The 24, 48, 72 h and 96 h EC50 values of Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ were 0.74, 0.56, 0.46, 0.37 mg/L, 4.79, 3.52, 1.70, 1.26 mg/L, 1.90, 1.49, 0.83, 0.76 mg/L and 21.40, 9.98, 7.90, 5.42 mg/L for snails, respectively. The 96 h LC50 values of Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ were 0.43, 2.96, 1.12 mg/L and 12.22 mg/L for snails, the safe concentrations were 0.004 3, 0.029 6, 0.011 2, 0.122 2 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion Cu2+ shows a high acute toxicity to snails, and Cd2+ and Hg2+ exhibit a moderate acute toxicity to snails, while Pb2+ is lowly toxic to snails.

Effect of salvianolate on podocyte of membranous nephropathy rats induced by cationic bovine serum albumin / 中草药

Objective To observe the effects of salvianolate on blood biochemical indexes, pathological changes of renal tissue and expression of CD2AP and Desmin protein in membranous nephropathy rats induced by cationic bovine serum albumin. And to explore the renal protective effect of salvianolate on membranous nephropathy rats and its possible mechanism. Methods Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and modle group. Rat models of membranous nephropathy were reproduced by injection of cationized bovine serum albumin through tail vein. Model successful rats were randomly divided into model group, benazepril group, and salvianolate groups (16.7, 33.3, and 66.7 mg/kg). Each group was given the dose of the corresponding drugs. After treatment, the level of 24 h urine total protein (UTP), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) were detected. Immunofluorescence, light microscope, and electron microscope were used to observe the pathological changes of rat kidney. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of CD2AP and Desmin. Results Compared with the control group, levels of UTP, TC, and TG increased significantly (P < 0.01), levels of serum TP and ALB decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the UTP, TC, and TG of each treatment group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01), while the TP and ALB were significantly increased (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the UTP, TC, TG, TP, and ALB among each dosage of salvianolate and benazepril group. And there was no significant difference among each dose group of salvianolate. There was no significant difference among each groups in the level of BUN and Scr. Compared with the normal group, the expression of CD2AP in model group was significantly decreased and Desmin was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of CD2AP increased and Desmin decreased in each treatment group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference among the treatment groups. Conclusion Salvianolate has kidney protective effect on membranous nephropathy rats. The mechanism may be related to up-regulating the expression of CD2AP, down-regulating the expression of Desmin, inhibiting podocyte injury and protecting the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier.

Inhibitory of Dexamethasone on podocytes apoptosis induced by Puromycin via stabilizing phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in Dexamethasone (DEX) inhibiting podocytes apoptosis which was induced by Puromycin (PAN).Methods Mouse glomerular podocytes were cultured in vitro,and were divided into control group,dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group,PAN group,DEX group,and LY294002 (inhibitor of PI3 K) group.The mRNA expression of CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) was measured by using real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and intracellular distribution was detected by using indirect immunofluorescence staining.Co localization of CD2AP and p85 was detected by using confocal fluorescence microscopy.The expressions of Akt,phosphorylated (p)-Akt,glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3 β) and phosphorylated (p)-GSK3β were evaluated by using Western blot.Results The expressions of CD2AP mRNA in PAN group at each time point (8 h,24 h,48 h) (1.11 ± 0.16,0.78 ±0.09,0.56 ± 0.43) were significantly lower than those in the control group (1.90 ± 0.26,2.09 ± 0.12,2.28 ±0.95),and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);CD2AP distributed in foot process with uniform filament and discontinuous coarse particle around perinuclear;CD2AP and p85 distributed in cell membrane and cytoplasm evenly in control group,but accumulated in nuclei in the PAN group.The expressions of CD2AP mRNA in DEX group at each time point (8 h,24 h,48 h) (1.53 ± 0.14,2.15 ± 0.27,2.13 ± 0.15) were significantly higher than those in the PAN group,and the differences were also statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);the distribution density and range of CD2AP were greater than those in the PAN group,and the accumulation with p85 in nuclei decreased obviously.The expressions of p-Akt and p-GSK3β were inhibited by PAN in a dose-dependent manner (P ＜0.05).The expressions of p-Akt and p-GSK3 β were lowest after PAN stimulated at 15 min and 30 min respectively.However,the expressions of p-Akt and p-GSK3 β increased depending on the concentration of DEX (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the expressions of p-Akt and p-GSK3 β could be blocked by LY294002 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion DEX can protect podocytes and inhibit podocytes apoptosis through stabilizing the expression and distribution of CD2AP.The stale expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is the key factor in DEX protecting podocytes.

miR-30a and renal pathophysiology / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

microRNAs play an important regulative role in body's growth and development,and the development of the disease process.Much microRNAs can maintain normal kidney function and regulate kidney pathological process,the miR-30a has extensive effect on kidney development and progression of renal diseases.In this review,a brief overview on the role of miR-30a in renal pathology is presented.

Ultrasensitive Determination of L-Cysteine Based on Its Enhancement to Electrochemiluminescence of CdS Quantum Dots with Cd2+Rich Surface / 分析化学

A novel electrochemiluminescence ( ECL) method for the determination of L-cysteine ( L-Cys) was established. water-soluble CdS quantum dots ( QDs) with Cd2+rich surface were synthesized via a controllable one-poe approach. The mercapto group in L-cysteine molecule can specifically interact with excessive Cd2+on the surface of CdS QDs, resulting in enhancement of ECL intensity of the CdS QDs, which can be used for the detection of L-Cys. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the enhancement of ECL intensity was linear with the concentration of L-Cys in the range of 5. 0×10-9-1. 0×10-5 mol/L. The limit detection of (S/N=3) was 1. 2×10-9 mol/L. In comparison with other methods for detecting L-Cys, this method is more simple and selective, and can be applied to detect L-Cys in real sample with satisfactory results.

Affection of CD2 6/DPP4 on CD4+T Cells and Relative Cytokines in Patients with Crytococcal Meningitis and Its Clinical Significance / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the affection and clinical significance of CD26/DPP4 on CD4+T cells and its cytokines in patients withCrytococcalMeningitis.Methods Peripheral blood was collected from 36 patients diagnosed withCrytococcal Meningitis in Changhai Hospital and Changzheng Hospital,Shanghai from August,2011 to December,2015,meanwhile 36 health controls’was also acquired.Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)was separated by density gradient centrifuga-tion,CD26+CD4+T and CD26-CD4+T cell groups were classified by Flow Cytometry,the expression level of cytokines was tested by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The correlation between DPP4 activity,CD26+CD4+T (%)and APACHE II score,IL-17,TNF-α,IL-4,IFN-γwas measured by Pearson coefficient.Results CD26+CD4+T(%)between experimental and control groups was 13.35±3.83 vs 8.39±2.14 (t=6.78,P<0.000 1).DPP4 activity was 50.89±17.21 mU/ml vs 73.83±20.24 mU/ml (t=5.18,P<0.000 1),with statistically significant differences.In ex-perimental groups,CD26+CD4+T (%)was positively related with APACHE II score,IL-17,TNF-α(r=0.431,0.564, 0.688,P=0.003 8,0.001,0.004 6).DPP4 activity was negatively interrelated with APACHE II score,IL-17,TNF-α,IFN-γ(r=-0.544,-0.489,-0.678,-0.734;P<0.001).Conclusion CD26/DPP4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of Crytococcal Meningitis through regulation of Th subgroups,and it was the potential therapeutic target and the predicted marker of the disease.

MicroRNA-939 regulating CD2 -associated protein expression by targeting promoter / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To verify the targeting regulatory relationship between microRNA -939 (miR -939) and CD2 -associated protein (CD2AP).Methods The online RegRNA software was used to predict the human CD2AP promoter for potential binding sites complementary to miR -939.HEK -293T cells were cotransfected with hu-man CD2AP promoter plasmid pGL3 -2K and microRNA negative control (miR -NC)or miR -939 mimics,and the relative luciferase activity(RLA)was detected at 24 h post -transfection.HEK -293T cells were transfected with miR -NC or miR -939 mimics for 48 h,and the CD2AP mRNA expression level was detected by adopting reverse tran-script and real -time fluorescence quantification -PCR,while the CD2AP protein expression level was detected by using Western blot.Results (1 )There were 2 miR -939 binding sites at CD2AP promoter region,located at -468 to -491 and -654 to -677 upstream of initiation codon ATG (marked as +1 )relatively.(2)At 30 nmol/L,50 nmol/L,the RLA in miR -NC group and miR -939 group were 6.81 ±0.88 vs 6.07 ±2.24,5.88 ±1 .44 vs 3.94 ± 0.79 relatively,and there were no significant differences between the 2 groups (t =3.04,2.06,all P >0.05),while the RLA between the 2 groups were 5.58 ±0.58 vs 3.29 ±0.64 at 1 00 nmol/L,and the difference was significant between the 2 groups(t =4.07,P <0.05).(3)At 30 nmol/L,50 nmol/L and 100 nmol/L,the relative CD2AP mRNA expression in miR -NC group and miR -939 group were 1 .00 ±0.01 vs 0.80 ±0.08,1 .00 ±0.00 vs 0.80 ±0.1 3 and 1 .00 ± 0.00 vs 0.72 ±0.07 relatively,while the CD2AP mRNA expression was decreased by 20% -30% at each concentration level,and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (t =4.44,2.93,6.84,all P <0.05).(4)At 50 nmol/L, the relative CD2AP protein expression in miR -NC group and miR -939 group were 0.48 ±0.09 vs 0.19 ±0.12,and the CD2AP protein expression was decreased,and the difference was significant (t =3.36,P <0.05).Conclusions CD2AP is the target gene of miR -939,and miR -939 can down -regulate the expression of CD2AP both in mRNA and protein levels by targeting its promoter region,which indicates that miR -939 may mediate the podocyte injury.

Expression and significance of podocyte molecules mRNA in Doxorubicin-induced nephrotic rats / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the expression of mRNA of podocin,nephrin,CD2AP and α - actin - 4 in Doxorubicin - induced nephrotic(ADN)rats,and explore the possible mechanisms of podocyte molecule during the de-velopment of proteinuria. Methods Forty - eight Sprague - Dawley(SD)rats were divided into ADN model group(in-jected with 6. 5 mg/ kg Doxorubicin in tail vein,n = 24)and control group(injected with saline solution in tail vein,n =24). After the nephropathy model was established,6 rats were killed at the end of 1st ,2nd ,4th ,6th week in each group. The changes of the following indicators were observed:(1)24 - hour urinary protein,serum albumin and cholesterol were detected;(2)mRNA expression of nephrin,podocin,CD2AP and α - actin - 4 in cortex of kidney were examined by real time fluorescence quantification PCR. Results The model group came out massive proteinuria(15. 66 ± 1. 50) mg/ 24 h,(45. 98 ± 1. 45)mg/ 24 h,(65. 58 ± 4. 68)mg/ 24 h,(82. 83 ± 8. 43)mg/ 24 h in 1,2,4,6 weeks respec-tively,hypoalbuminemia(27. 4 ±2. 5)g/ L,(23. 6 ±2. 9)g/ L,(20. 6 ±1. 5)g/ L,(6. 9 ± 2. 3)g/ L in 1,2,4,6 weeks respectively and hypercholesterolaemia(2. 00 ± 0. 25)mmol/ L,(2. 16 ± 0. 44)mmol/ L,(4. 02 ± 0. 81)mmol/ L, (7. 54 ± 1. 12)mmol/ L in 1,2,4,6 weeks respectively,and the differences of proteinuria,plasma albumin and total cholesterol compared with control group at each time point had statistical significance(all P ﹤ 0. 01). Compared with the control group,podocin mRNA expression in the model group decreased at the end of 1st week(10. 56 ± 3. 62),de-creased significantly at the end of 2nd week(20. 44 ± 9. 03),and decreased at the end of 4th week(2. 19 ± 0. 18)com-pared with the control group;nephrin mRNA expression decreased at the end of 1st week(2. 41 ± 1. 10)and reached to the peak value,decreased at the end of 4th week(0. 52 ± 0. 18);CD2AP mRNA expression did not change significantly in the 1st week(4. 17 ± 0. 79),increased at the end of 2nd week(6. 74 ± 1. 53),reached to the peak value at the end of 4th week(6. 91 ± 1. 13),but did not change significantly at the end of 6th week(4. 04 ± 0. 82);α - actin - 4 mRNA ex-pression did not change significantly at the end of 1st week(1. 75 ± 0. 48),decreased at the end of 2nd week(2. 01 ± 0. 55),reached to the peak value at the end of 4th week(2. 24 ± 0. 81),but did not change significantly at the end of 6th week(1. 39 ± 0. 18). Compared with the control group,the difference had statistical significance( all P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion The abnormal expression of podocyte molecules mRNA in ADN rats may be an important molecular mechanism in the development of proteinuria.

Significance of abnormal expression of CD2-associated protein and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 in apoptosis of podocytes induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in vitro / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the effect of puromycin aminonucleoside(PAN) on the expressions of CD2associated protein (CD2AP) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 K) p85 in induced podocytes,and to explore the significance of abnormal expression of CD2AP in apoptosis of podocytes in vitro.Methods Mouse podocytes were injected into the control group and the PAN treatment group (PAN group).The cells were cultured for 8 h,24 h and 48 h respectively.The podocyte morphology was observed by phase-contrast microscope.The apoptosis ratio of podocytes was determined with flow cytometry.The mRNA expression of CD2AP was detected by real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The protein expressions of CD2AP and PI3K p85 were detected by Western blot,respectively.The distributions and the relationships between CD2AP and PI3K p85 in the podocytes were detected by confocal fluorescence microscopy.Results PAN treatment led to significant shrinkage of podocytes with decreasing distribution tendency,podocyte foot process retraction as well as effacement and loss of cell contact.Compared with the control group,the apoptosis rate was increased at 24 h and 48 h[(7.52 ± 1.35)％,(17.09 ±2.53)％ vs (4.32 ±0.81％,(6.81 ± 1.34)％] in PAN group and the differences were significant (t =4.98,8.79,all P ＜ 0.05) ;CD2AP mRNA expression tended to decrease at each time point,and the differences were significant (0.34 ± 0.12,0.46 ±0.21,0.47 ± 0.10 vs 0.62 ± 0.23,0.97 ± 0.14,0.96 ± 0.23),and there were statistical differences (t =2.64,4.95,4.79,all P ＜ 0.05) ;CD2AP and PI3K p85 protein expressions tended to decrease at 24 h (0.36 ± 0.12,0.61 ± 0.20 vs 0.64 ±0.23,0.97 ±0.31) and 48 h(0.27 ± 0.15,0.48 ± 0.20 vs 0.51 ± 0.20,0.84 ± 0.35),and the differences were significant(t =2.64,2.31,2.35,2.40,all P ＜ 0.05).In the control group,the distribution of CD2AP was uniformly filamentary structure in cytoplasm and nucleus of podocytes,after PAN treatment the distribution of CD2AP changed to discontinuous coarse granular concentrated in the perinuclear.Immunocyte fluorescence showed that the distribution and the relationships between CD2AP and PI3K p85 in the podocytes became abnormal.Conclusions When the apoptosis of podocytes was induced by PAN,the expression and distribution of CD2AP were abnormal.CD2AP may play an important role in the survival of podocytes though the PI3K signaling pathway.

CD8+T cells in peripheral blood of patients with acute antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury on the expression and significance of CD28 / 上海预防医学

Objective ] To detect the percentage of CD8+CD2-8、CD8+CD2+8 cells in patients with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury and investigate their expression on acute liver injury by antituberculosis drugs and clinical significance. [ Methods] The flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of CD8+CD2-8 and CD8+CD2+8 in peripheral blood of 42 patients with antituberculosis drug-induced acute liver injury, and 232 normal liver function patients with antituberculosis treatment.The mean amount of T cells between the two groups were compared by t-test and when P <0 .05 the difference found in comparison was thought to be statistically significant. [ Results] The percentage of CD8+CD2-8 cells of antituberculosis drug-induced acute injury group was lower than that of antituberculosis with normal liver function group (12.2 ±7.7%and 23.6 ±10.4%) , and the difference was of statistical significance ( t=4.782,P<0.01).And the amount of CD8+CD2+8 cells in antituberculosis drug-induced acute injury group was higher than that in antituberculosis with normal liver function group ( 23.5 ±9.1% and 10.2 ± 6.7%), the difference being statistically significant (t=5.356,P<0.01) too. [Conclusion] The amount of CD8+CD2-8 cells is reduced in peripheral blood of patients with antituberculosis drug-induced acute injury, while the amount of CD8+CD2+8 cells is increased.It is held that CD28 expression on CD8+T cells can be used as a marker of immunological detection in antituberculosis drug-induced acute liver injury.

NPHS2 and CD2AP gene mutation in children with primary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in Guangdong province / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study NPHS2 and CD2AP gene mutation with primary steroid-resistant nephroticsyndrome (SRNS) children in Guangdong province,and to investigate the relationship between NPHS2,CD2AP genemutation and SRNS,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of SRNS in children.Methods Twenty-six SRNS children and 20 cases of the healthy children as controls were chosen randomly in Guangdong province.Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leucocytes of these patients and the healthy children.Mutational analysis was performed in 8 exons of NPHS2 gene and 18 exons of CD2AP gene after sequencing directly.The results were compared with United States National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) gene database,the detected gene mutation.Results The variation analysis revealed 3 polymorphisms (288C ＞ T,954T ＞ C,1038A ＞ G) in 14 cases out of 26 patients and 4 cases of the healthy children studied,which had been reported before,but there was no significant difference in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of these polymorphisms between the patients and the controls (all P ＞ 0.05).One CD2AP heterozygous mutation (1917 + 20 C ＞ G) was detected in intron in 2 cases of SRNS children.Conclusions NPHS2 gene variation may not be the main mechanism of SRNS in Guangdong province.CD2APgene mutation may increase the possibility of SRNS and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children.CD2AP mutation in intron may involve in the pathogenesis of SRNS.

Efecto in vitro de la Matricaria recutita L. sobre la respuesta de linfocitos y neutrófilos / In vitro effect of Matricaria recutita L. on Lymphocytes and Neutrophils response

La manzanilla de Castilla, dulce o cimarrona (Matricaria recutita o Matricaria chamomilla), es una planta herbácea anual de la familia de las asteráceas, nativa de Europa y de regiones templadas de Asia, que se ha naturalizado en algunas regiones de América, África y Australia. Ha sido utilizada por el hombre desde hace miles de años con diferentes fines medicinales. Se estudió el efecto in vitro de un extracto fluido de esta planta sobre los linfocitos de 20 donantes voluntarios de sangre y de 20 enfermos con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencia celular, mediante la cuantificación de los linfocitos T por las técnicas de formación de roseta espontánea y activa y el ultramicrométodo inmunocitoquímico (UMICIQ), así como la función fagocítica (índice opsonofagocítico) de los neutrófilos. No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los parámetros estudiados entre las condiciones experimentales con Matricaria y sin esta

Castilla Chamomile, sweet, or maroon (Matricaria recutita or Matricaria chamomilla) is an annual herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, native to Europe and temperate zones of Asia, which has become naturalized in parts of America, Africa, and Australia. It has been used by man for thousands of years with different medicinal purposes. We studied the in vitro effect of an extract fluid of this plant on lymphocytes from 20 blood donors and 20 patients with a diagnosis of cellular immunodeficiency. We quantified T lymphocytes by the techniques of spontaneous and active rosette formation, and the immunocytochemical ultramicromethod (UMICIQ) as well as the phagocytic function (opsonophagocytic index) of neutrophils. There were no statistically significant differences in the studied parameters between experimental conditions with Matricaria and without it

Efecto in vitro de una solución de Passiflora incarnata L. sobre la respuesta de linfocitos humanos de donantes sanos y de enfermos con inmunodeficiencia celular / In vitro effect of a Passiflora incarnata L. solution on the response of human lymphocytes from healthy donors and from patients with cellular immunodeficiency

La Passiflora incarnata L. es una especie que se ha utilizado por el hombre con diversos fines. Se estudió el efecto in vitro de un extracto fluido de esta planta sobre los linfocitos de 20 donantes voluntarios de sangre y de 20 enfermos con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencia celular, mediante la técnica de formación de roseta activa, roseta espontánea y el ultramicrométodo inmunocitoquímico, así como en la función fagocítica de los neutrófilos. No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las condiciones experimentales sin pasiflora y con pasiflora, en las técnicas de formación de rosetas ni en la expresión de los marcadores de linfocitos CD2 y CD3. Similares resultados se hallaron con la función fagocítica de los neutrófilos en la misma dilución

Passiflora incarnata L. is a species that has been used by man for various purposes. It was studied the effect in vitro of a fluid extract of this plant on lymphocytes from 20 blood donors and 20 patients with cellular immunodeficiency diagnosis, using the technique of active rosette formation, and spontaneous rosette immunocytochemical ultramicromethod and in the phagocytic function of neutrophils. We found no statistically relevant differences between experimental conditions with and without Passiflora, neither in the rosette formation techniques or the expression of lymphocyte markers CD2 and CD3. Similar results were found with the phagocytic function of neutrophils in the same dilution

Immunophenotypic features of adult CD+2 B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To study the immunophenotypic feature of CD+2 adult B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CD+2 B-ALL) and provide evidences for the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. Methods The immunophenotypes of 18 cases of adult CD+2 B-ALL and 68 cases of adult CD-2 B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(CD-2 B-ALL) were assayed by a panel of monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) with FACS. Results The age of CD+2 B-ALL adults was younger compared to that of CD-2 B-ALL. The patients in the CD; group were similar to CD-2 group for the expression of most of the cell surface antigens assayed. However, it was notable that expression frequencies of CD10 [(73.78±26.67) %] in CD+2 B-ALL was higher than those in CD; B-ALL [(52.84±35.25) %] (t = 2.35, P0.05). The CD20 expression in CD+2 B-ALL was lower than that in CD-2 B-ALL significantly (χ2 = 11.38, P <0.05). The myeloid antigen (CD13 or CD33) expression in CD+2 B-ALL 44.4 % (8/18) was lower than that in CD-2 B-ALL 72.1 %(49/68) (χ2 = 4.86, P <0.05). Conclusion Patients in the CD+2 B-ALL were similar to CD-2 B-ALL for expression of most of the cell surface antigens assayed. CD+2 B-ALL showed low expression frequency of myeloid antigens (CD13, CD33) and CD20 antigens than CD-2 B-ALL. These results suggested that those with the CD+2 B-ALL immunophenotype generally presented with favorable prognostic features and usually could achieve good outcomes after treatment.

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and CD2AP gene / 国际儿科学杂志

Mutations in CD2AP, mapped to 6pL2. 3 and encoding CD2 - associated protein ( CD2AP), are responsible for autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant steroid - resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). CD2AP plays a key role in the slitdiaphragm network of the kidney, which is necessary for the structure and ultrafiltration functions of the slitdiaphragm. The CD2AP homozygous mutation results in early - onset SRNS while heterozygous expression of the CD2AP mutation has increased susceptibility to glomerular injury.No recurrence of proteinuria was observed in the patient with SRNS with CD2AP homozygousmutationafter the renal transplantation. Therefore, detection of the CD2AP gene in the patients suffering from SRNS will be beneficial to making therapeutic decisions and predicting prognoses.

Efecto in vitro de una solución de Hibiscus elatus SW (Majagua) sobre la respuesta de linfocitos y neutrófilos humanos de donantes sanos y enfermos con inmunodeficiencia celular / In vitro effects of a Hibiscus elatus SW solution (Majagua) on the response of human lymphocytes and neutrophils from healthy donors and ills with cellular immunodeficiency

El Hibiscus elatus SW (majagua) es una especie que se ha utilizado por el hombre con diversos fines. Se estudió el efecto in vitro de una solución acuosa de las flores de esta planta sobre los linfocitos y neutrófilos de 20 donantes de sangre sanos y de 20 enfermos con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencia celular, mediante la técnica de roseta activa y espontánea, el ultramicrométodo inmunocitoquímico (UMICIQ) y la prueba de función fagocítica. No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las condiciones experimentales sin Hibiscus elatus SW y con esta planta (dilución 1:2), en los parámetros estudiados

Hibiscus elatus SW (majagua) is a species used by man due to its diverse ends. Authors studied the in vitro effect of a aqueous solution of flowers from this plant on lymphocytes and neutrophils of 20 healthy blood donors and from 20 ills diagnosed with cellular immunodeficiency using active and spontaneous rosette technique, the immunocytochemical ultramicromethod (UMICIQ) and the phagocytic function test. There weren & rsquo;t significant statistically differences among experimental conditions without Hibiscus elatus SW and with this plant (dilution 1:2) in study parameters

Un nuevo caso de sensibilización a reveladores de fotografía / A new case of sensitization to photo developers

Las dermatosis ocupacionales en trabajadores de fotografía son poco frecuentes en la actualidad. Los alergenos habituales son los reveladores de color CD-2, CD-3 y CD-4. Dichos productos pueden producir erupciones liquenoides y eczematosas. El caso que presentamos es el de un paciente varón de 35 años, trabajador de una empresa de revelados de fotografía desde hacía dos años. En el momento de la consulta presentaba lesiones eczematosas que afectaban mano derecha y ambos miembros superiores con intenso prurito. Se realizaron pruebas epicutáneas, con batería estándar del Grupo Español Internacional de Dermatitis de Contacto (GEIDC) y específica para fotografía, observándose resultados muy positivos para los reveladores de color CD-2, CD-3, CD-4 y TSS (4-amino-N, N-dietilalinina sulfato), así como moderado para hidroxilamonio. El tratamiento consistió en corticoides por vía oral y tópica, así como el cese de la actividad laboral relacionada con el contacto con dichas sustancias, lo que permitió la resolución completa de las lesiones cutáneas sin recidiva.

Occupational dermatitis in photography workers are quite rare nowadays. Common allergens are colour developers CD-2, CD-3 and CD-4. These products can cause lichenoid and eczematous eruptions. We present the case of a 35 year old male patient, who had been working in a photography development company for two years. At the time of the consult the patient presented eczemaous lesions involving the right hand and both arms with intense itching. Epicutaneous patch tests were performed with standard battery from the Spanish Group International Contact Dermatitis (GEIDC) and specifi c battery for photography, showing intense positive results for colour developers CD-2, CD-3, CD-4 and TSS (4-amino-N, N-dietilalinina sulfate), as well as moderate positive result to hydroxyl ammonia. Treatment consisted of oral and topic corticotherapy and the cessation of any work related to the contact with these substances, which allowed complete resolution of skin lesions without recurrence.

Chimeric anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody for treating acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of chimeric anti-CD2 monoclonal antibody (basiliximab) on acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients following aliogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Thirty-six patients who were suffered from acute GVHD from March 2005 to July 2007 were studied. All of them were treated with steroid first and got no response, then began basiliximab therapy. Results Thirty of 36 patients showed response to basiliximab therapy including 25 complete responses and 5 partial responses. The efficacy was associated with the degree of GVHD and the source of donor. Conclusion Patients suffered from steroid-resistant acute GVHD can be successfully treated with basiliximab.

Functional analysis of conserved sequences in the area of the promoter of CD2 associated protein / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To identify the important regulatory elements in the promoter of human CD2 associated protein(CD2AP) by conserved sequence analysis among different species and luciferase functional detection. Methods The promoter sequences of CD2AP from different species were analyzed by BLAST. Plasmids containing different length of deletion mutations of human CD2AP promoter were constructed. Pro-moter activities were tested in 3 kinds of cells from different species by luciferase analysis and were tested in HEK-293 cells treated with all-trans-retinoic acid. Results Homologous sequence comparison in CD2AP promoter area among human, cattle and pig showed that putative specific protein 1 (Sp1) sites and down-stream promoter element (DPE) were highly evolutional]y conserved. Progressive deletion luciferase analysis of DNA fragments revealed similar promoter activity style among 3 different cell lines from 3 different spe-cies, HEK-293, BHK-21 and Vero cells. One basic promoter activity located within 500 bp upstream of ATG. Fragments of further upstream 100 bp or more had drastically 10 times increased promoter activity. Two putative Sp1 sites were in this 100 bp region. All-trans-retinoic acid decreased the luciferase activity of CD2AP promoter. Conclusion Putative Spl sites and DPE have important functions in the promoter activity of CD2AP.